Nhanganyaya:
Nekuda kwechinangwa chepasi rose che "carbon neutralite", indasitiri yemotokari itsva dzesimba iri kukura nekukurumidza kunoshamisa. Se "moyo" wemotokari itsva dzesimba,mabhatiri e lithiamuvakapa mupiro usingakanganwiki. Nekuwanda kwayo nesimba uye hupenyu hwayo hwekufamba kwenguva refu, yave injini ine simba yekuchinja uku kwekutakura kwegirini. Kungofanana nemativi maviri emari, zvese zvine mativi maviri. Kunyange zvazvo mabhatiri e lithium achitiunzira simba rakachena uye rinoshanda, anoperekedzwawo nedambudziko risingafaniri kufuratirwa - kurasa marara emabhatiri e lithium.
Dambudziko remarara ebhatiri re lithium
Fungidzira kuti mota itsva dzinoshandisa simba remagetsi dziri kufamba-famba mumigwagwa yeguta. Dzakanyarara uye dzine hushamwari kune zvakatipoteredza, uye dzinopa mufananidzo wakanaka wekufamba kwedu mune ramangwana. Asi kana mota idzi dzapedza basa radzo, chii chichaitika ku "mwoyo" wadzo -bhatiri re lithiamuData rinoratidza kuti panosvika gore ra2025, mabhatiri emagetsi akarega kushanda eChina anotarisirwa kusvika 1,100 GWh, zvakaenzana nekugadzirwa kwemagetsi eThree Gorges mashanu pagore. Nhamba yakakura kudaro, kana ikasabatwa nemazvo, ichakonzera kumanikidzwa kukuru panharaunda nezviwanikwa.
Mabhatiri eLithium ane zvinhu zvakawanda zvinokosha zvesimbi zvakaita seLithium, Cobalt, uye Nickel. Kana tikarega achirasika, zvaizofanana nekusiya "migodhi yemumaguta". Chinonyanya kunetsa ndechekuti mabhatiri eLithium anewo zvinhu zvinokuvadza zvakaita seElectrolytes nesimbi dzinorema. Kana akasabatwa zvakanaka, anokonzera kusvibiswa kwakanyanya muvhu, matsime emvura, uye mhepo, uye anototyisidzira hutano hwevanhu.
Tichitarisana nematambudziko anokonzerwa nemabhatiri e lithium asina kusimba, hatigoni kugara takangotarisa, uye hatigoni kutya mabhatiri. Pane kudaro, tinofanira kutsvaga mhinduro, kushandura "njodzi" kuita "mukana", uye kutanga nzira yekufambira mberi kwenguva refu ine magariro egirini. Nerombo rakanaka, kufambira mberi kwesainzi netekinoroji kwatiratidza gwara. Shanduko yegirini inotungamirwa nehunyanzvi hwetekinoroji iri kubuda chinyararire, ichiunza tariro itsva ye "kuzvarwa patsva" kwemabhatiri e lithium asina kusimba.
Kuchinja kwebhatiri reLithium, kushandura marara kuita pfuma
Mukuchinja uku kwezvekurima, matekinoroji akasiyana-siyana epamusoro nemidziyo zvakabuda. Vakafanana ne "nyanzvi dzezvemakemikari" dzemashiripiti dzinobvisazve zviwanikwa zvinokosha kubva kumabhatiri e lithium, dzichiashandura kuita pfuma uye dzichiavandudza.
Ngatifambei tichipinda mu "fekitori yekupwanya" mararamabhatiri e lithiamuPano, michina yekupwanya nekuronga mabhatiri e lithium yakafanana ne "chiremba wezvekuvhiya" ane hunyanzvi. Vanogona kupatsanura nekuronga mabhatiri e lithium nemazvo, kupatsanura mhando dzakasiyana dzezvinhu zvemabhatiri, uye kuisa hwaro hwekudzokorodza nekugadzirisa.
Zvadaro, zvinhu izvi zvemabhatiri zvakarongwa zvichapinda mu "workshops" dzakasiyana kuti zvigadziriswe zvakasiyana. Zvinhu zve electrode zvine simbi dzakadai se lithium, cobalt, uye nickel zvichatumirwa ku "metal extraction workshop". Kuburikidza ne hydrometallurgy, pyrometallurgy nedzimwe nzira, simbi idzi dzinokosha dzichaburitswa kuti dzigadzire mabhatiri matsva e lithium kana zvimwe zvigadzirwa.
Zvikamu zvebhatiri zvine zvinhu zvinokuvadza zvakaita semaelectrolyte nesimbi dzinorema zvichatumirwa ku "workshop yekurapa zvakatipoteredza" yakakosha, kwavachapfuura nematanho akasiyana-siyana ekurapa kuti vave nechokwadi chekuti zvinhu zvinokuvadza zvinoraswa zvakachengeteka uye zvinobudirira pasina kukonzera kusvibiswa kwenharaunda.
Zvakakosha kutaura kuti mukugadzirisa marara emabhatiri e lithium, kuchengetedza nharaunda ndiko kunonyanya kukosheswa. Kuti kuderedza kusvibiswa kwenharaunda, makambani mazhinji akashandisa matekinoroji epamusoro ekudzivirira nharaunda nemidziyo, senge michina yekubatanidza marara e lithium battery dissociation intelligent recycling system.
Midziyo iyi yakaita se "muchengeti wekuchengetedza zvakatipoteredza" ane zvombo zvakakwana. Inobatanidza matanho akawanda ekudzivirira akadai semasisitimu ekuvhara uye masisitimu ekuchenesa, izvo zvinogona kudzivirira zvinobudirira kuburitswa kwemhepo inobuda uye kubuda kwemvura yakasviba, zvichiita kuti maitiro ese ekudzokorodza agare akasvibira, ane hushamwari kune nharaunda uye akachengeteka.
Mabhenefiti ehupfumi ekushandisa mabhatiri e lithium zvakare
Mamwe makambani ari kutsvagawo nzira dzekuchengetedza simba uye dzekuchengetedza nharaunda, dzakadai senzira itsva ye "low-temperature volatilization + electrolyte cryogenic recycling combination". Maitiro aya akafanana ne "muchengeti wemba anochengetedza mari", izvo zvinogona kuderedza zvakanyanya mutengo wekushandiswa kwesimba re lithium, kushandiswa kwesimba uye kuburitswa kwekabhoni, uye kubatanidza pfungwa yekuchengetedza simba uye kuderedza kuburitswa kwemhepo muchikamu chimwe nechimwe.
Nekufambira mberi nekushandiswa kwetekinoroji, kushanda zvakanaka kwemabhatiri e lithium akashandiswa uye kuchengetedzwa kwezvakatipoteredza kwavandudzika zvikuru, zvichiita kuti pave nerubatsiro rwakanaka mukushandiswazve kwezviwanikwa uye kuchengetedzwa kwezvakatipoteredza.
Kudzokorodza kushandiswa kwezvinhu zvakashandiswamabhatiri e lithiamuhaisi purojekiti yekudzivirira zvakatipoteredza chete, asiwo ine kukosha kukuru kwehupfumi. Lithium, cobalt, nickel nedzimwe simbi dzinotorwa kubva mumabhatiri e lithium akamboshandiswa dzakaita sepfuma inorara. Kana yangomuka, inogona kuwanazve kupenya kwayo uye kugadzira mabhenefiti makuru ehupfumi.
Pamusoro pezvo, hunyanzvi hwetekinoroji inzira huru yekusimudzira kufambira mberi kweindasitiri yekudzokorodza marara e lithium. Nekugara tichipfuura nematambudziko ehunyanzvi uye kuvandudza mashandiro ekudzokorodza uye kushandiswa kwezviwanikwa ndipo patinogona kugadzirisa matambudziko ezvakatipoteredza anokonzerwa nemarara e lithium uye kuwana budiriro inoenderera mberi yeindasitiri.
Nekuda kweizvi, makambani mazhinji nemasangano ekutsvagisa sainzi akawedzera mari yavo yekudyara muR&D uye akatsvaga matekinoroji matsva ekugadzirisa zvinhu, uye akaita shanduko dzakawanda. Mamwe makambani akagadzira michina yekubvisa zvinhu otomatiki inogona kupedzisa kubvisa mabhatiri e lithium marara zvinobudirira uye zvakachengeteka; mamwe masangano ekutsvagisa sainzi akazvipira kugadzira matekinoroji ekubvisa simbi asingakuvadzi nharaunda uye anoshanda, vachiedza kuvandudza mwero wekudzoreredza simbi uye kuderedza kusvibiswa kwenharaunda.
Mhedziso
Kudzokorodza mabhatiri e lithium akamboshandiswa hakusi kwemakambani nehurumende chete, asi kunodawo kuti nzanga yese itore chikamu. Sevatengiwo zvavo, tinogona kutanga pachedu totora chikamu muhurongwa hwekudzokorodza mabhatiri e lithium akamboshandiswa kuti tibatsire mukuchengetedzwa kwezvakatipoteredza.
Tinogona kusarudza kutumira nharembozha dzakamboshandiswa, malaptop nezvimwe zvigadzirwa zvemagetsi kunzvimbo dzinodzokororwa kushandiswa panzvimbo pekuzvirasa pamadiro; pakutenga mota itsva dzemagetsi, tinogona kupa pekutanga kune mhando dzinopa masevhisi ekugadzirisazve mabhatiri; tinofanirawo kukurudzira kukosha kwekugadzirisazve mabhatiri e lithium akamboshandiswa uye kukurudzira vanhu vakawanda kuti vatore chikamu muchiito ichi chekuchengetedza nharaunda.
Kudzokorodza kushandiswa kwezvinhu zvakashandiswamabhatiri e lithiamuibasa refu uye rakaoma, asi tine chikonzero chekutenda kuti nekushanda pamwe chete kwehurumende, mabhizinesi nemasangano ese enzanga, tichakwanisa kutanga nzira yekuvandudza zvakatipoteredza, kuitira kuti mabhatiri e lithium akashandiswa asazove mutoro kunharaunda, asi ave chinhu chinokosha uye anobatsira mukuvaka ivhu rakanaka.
Kana muine mibvunzo kana kuti muchida kuziva zvakawanda, musazeza kupindurataura nesu.
Chikumbiro cheKotesheni:
Jacqueline:jacqueline@heltec-energy.com/ +86 185 8375 6538
Sucre:sucre@heltec-bms.com/ +86 136 8844 2313
Nancy:nancy@heltec-energy.com/ +86 184 8223 7713
Nguva yekutumira: Gumiguru-15-2024