Nhanganyaya:
Lithium mabhatirivatora pfungwa dzepasirese uye vakatowana mubairo weNobel wepamusoro nekuda kwekushandisa kwavo, izvo zvakakanganisa zvakanyanya pakuvandudza bhatiri nenhoroondo yevanhu. Saka, sei lithium mabhatiri achigamuchira zvakanyanya kutariswa munyika uye kunyange kuhwina Nobel Prize?
Kiyi yekunzwisisa kukosha kwemabhatiri e-lithium iri mune yavo yakasarudzika zvivakwa uye shanduko yekuchinja yavakave nayo pane tekinoroji uye nzanga. Kusiyana nemabhatiri echinyakare, ayo anovimba nekuita kwemakemikari anosanganisira simbi dzinorema se lead kana cadmium, mabhatiri e lithium anoshandisa lithium ions kuchengeta nekuburitsa simba. Iyi dhizaini inopa akati wandei mabhenefiti, anosanganisira yakakwira simba density, hurefu hwehupenyu, uye nekukurumidza kuchaja kugona, zvichiita kuti ive sarudzo yakanaka kune akasiyana maapplication.
Chikonzero nei lithium mabhatiri ave akakurumbira
Chimwe chezvikonzero zvakakosha zvekutariswa kwakapararira uye kurumbidzwalithium mabhatiriibasa ravo mukugonesa kuwanda kwemidziyo yemagetsi inotakurika. Kuuya kwemafoni efoni, mahwendefa, uye zvimwe nharembozha kwasandura kutaurirana, varaidzo, uye kugadzira, uye mabhatiri e lithium akabatsira mukusimbisa midziyo iyi. Dhizaini yavo isina huremu uye yakaomesesa, pamwe nekugona kwavo kuendesa simba rakavimbika uye rinogara kwenguva refu, zvaita kuti zvive zvakakosha muzera razvino redhijitari.
Uyezve, kukwira kwemotokari dzemagetsi (EVs) kwakawedzera kusimudzira mukurumbira wemabhatiri e lithium. Sezvo nyika ichitsvaga kuchinjika kubva kumafuta ezvicherwa uye kuderedza kuburitswa kwegasi regreenhouse, maEV akabuda seimwe nzira inovimbisa kune yechinyakare mukati meinjini yekupisa mota. Pakati pekubudirira kweEVs mabhatiri e-lithium akakwirira anogona kuchengeta uye kuendesa simba guru rinodiwa pakufambisa kwenguva refu. Kuvandudzwa kweiyo yepamusoro lithium-ion bhatiri tekinoroji kwave kuri kutyaira kuseri kwekukurumidza kwemusika wemotokari yemagetsi, kukwezva kutariswa kwakakosha kubva kune vanoisa mari, vanogadzira mitemo, uye veruzhinji.
Sustainable lithium mabhatiri
Pamusoro pekushandisa kwavo mumagetsi evatengi uye zvekufambisa, mabhatiri e-lithium akaitawo basa rakakosha mukubatanidzwa kwesimba rinogonekazve, senge solar nemhepo simba, mugetsi yemagetsi. Masisitimu ekuchengetedza magetsi akavakirwa paLithium-ion tekinoroji akagonesa kubata uye kushandiswa kwesimba rinodzokororwa nguva nenguva, zvichibatsira kudzikamisa gidhi uye kuderedza kuvimba nefossil-based simba rekugadzira. Uyu mupiro wekuchinja kuenda kune imwe yakasimba uye inogadzirisa simba rekugadzirisa zvivakwa zvakawedzera kukwidziridza chimiro chelithium mabhatiripadanho repasi rose.
Kuzivikanwa kwemabhatiri e-lithium neNobel Prize muChemistry muna 2019 kwakasimbisa hukuru hwetekinoroji iyi pasirese. Mubairo wakapiwa kuna John B. Goodenough, M. Stanley Whittingham, naAkira Yoshino nokuda kwebasa ravo rekupayona mukugadzirwa kwebhatiri ye-lithium-ion, vachibvuma mipiro yavo mukufambisira mberi kwesimba rekuchengetedza teknolojia. Komiti yeNobel yakaratidza kukosha kwemabhatiri e-lithium mukugadzirisa matambudziko ekushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze uye kufambisa shanduko kuenda kune remangwana resimba rakasimba.
Remangwana remabhatiri e lithium
Ndichitarira mberi, kutariswa uye kurumbidzwa kunogamuchirwalithium mabhatirivanogona kuenderera mberi sezvo vaongorori nevatori vechikamu mumaindasitiri vachiedza kuwedzera mashandiro avo, chengetedzo, uye kuchengetedza kwezvakatipoteredza. Kuedza kuenderera mberi kwekuwedzera kuwanda kwesimba, kuderedza mitengo, uye kuvandudza maitiro ekudzokorodza kuchave kwakakosha mukuona kuenderera mberi kwakakosha uye kukanganisa kwemabhatiri e lithium munzvimbo inokurumidza kubuda tekinoroji.
Mukupedzisa, kutarisisa uye kucherechedzwa kwakaunganidzwa nemabhatiri e-lithium kunobva pakuita kwavo kwakakosha mukugonesa shanduko yedhijitari, kufambisa magetsi ekufambisa, uye kugonesa kubatanidzwa kwesimba rinogoneka. Mubairo weNobel wakapihwa mapiyona elithium bhatiri tekinoroji unoshanda sechiratidzo chesimba rakadzama reiyi tsvarakadenga pasirese. Sezvo sangano rinoramba richigamuchira simba rakachena uye teknolojia yepamusoro, mabhatiri e-lithium akagadzirira kuramba ari mberi kwekutarisisa kwenyika uye hutsva, kuumba ramangwana rekuchengetedza simba nekuchengetedza.
Kana uine chero mibvunzo kana uchida kudzidza zvakawanda, ndapota usazezasvika kwatiri.
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Nguva yekutumira: Aug-22-2024